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IAS- Philosophy contain chapters on-
1. Plato and Aristotle : Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; Causation; Actuality and
Potentiality.
2. Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz); Cartesian Method and Certain Knowledge;
Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; Determinism and Freedom.
3. Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume) : Theory of Knowledge; Substance and Qualities; Self
and God; Scepticism.
4. Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the Existence of God.
5. Hegel : Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism.
6. Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein : Defence of Commonsense; Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning;
Sying and Showing.
7. Logical Positivism : Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of Metaphysics; Linguistic
Theory of Necessary Propositions.
8. Later Wittgenstein : Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique of Private Language.
9. Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; Avoidance of Psychologism.
10.Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sarte, Heidegger): Existence and Essence; Choice,
Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-the-world and Temporality.
11.Quine and Strawson : Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic Particulars and Persons.
12.Carvaka : Theory of Knowlegde; Rejection of Transcendent Entities.
13.Jainism : Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and Liberation.
14. Schools of Buddhism : Prat Ityasamutpada; Ksanikavada, Nairatmyavada.
15. Nyaya—Vaiesesika : Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; Theory of Pramana;
Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic
Theory of Creation.
16. Samkhya; Prakrit; Purusa; Causation; Liberation.
17. Yoga; Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya.
18. Mimamsa: Theory of Knowlegde.
19. Schools of Vedanta : Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; Avida; Adhyasa; Moksa;
Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda.
20. Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga.
Socio-Political Philosophy
1. Social and Political ldeals : Equality, Justice, Liberty.
2. Sovereignty : Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya.
3. Individual and State : Rights; Duties and Accountability.
4. Forms of Government : Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.
5. Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism.
6. Humanism; Secularism; Multi-culturalism.
7. Crime and Punishment : Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, Capital Punishment.
8. Development and Social Progress.
9. Gender Discrimination : Female Foeticide, Land and Property Rights; Empowerment.
10. Caste Discrimination : Gandhi and Ambedkar.
Philosophy of Religion
1. Notions of God : Attributes; Relation to Man and the World. (Indian and Western).
2. Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and Western).
3. Problem of Evil.
4. Soul : Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.
5. Reason, Revelation and Faith.
6. Religious Experience : Nature and Object (Indian and Western).
7. Religion without God.
8. Religion and Morality.
9. Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth.
10. Nature of Religious Language : Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist and Non-cognitive.
IAS- Filosofi berisi bab tentang-
1. Plato dan Aristoteles: Gagasan; Zat; Formulir dan Materi; Hal menyebabkan; Aktualitas dan
Kemampuan.
2. Rasionalisme (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz); Metode Cartesian dan Pengetahuan Tertentu;
Zat; Allah; Dualisme Pikiran-Tubuh; Determinisme dan Kebebasan.
3. Empirisme (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Teori Pengetahuan; Substansi dan Kualitas; Diri
dan Tuhan; Keraguan.
4. Kant: Kemungkinan Sintetis suatu penilaian a priori; Ruang dan Waktu; Kategori; Gagasan Alasan; Antinomi; Kritik Bukti untuk Keberadaan Tuhan.
5. Hegel: Metode Dialektik; Idealisme Mutlak.
6. Moore, Russell dan Early Wittgenstein: Defense of Commonsense; Penolakan Idealisme; Atomisme Logis; Konstruksi Logis; Simbol Tidak Lengkap; Gambar Teori Makna;
Sying dan Menampilkan.
7. Positivisme Logis: Teori Verifikasi Makna; Penolakan Metafisika; Linguistik
Teori Proposisi yang Diperlukan.
8. Kemudian Wittgenstein: Arti dan Penggunaan; Permainan bahasa; Kritik terhadap Bahasa Pribadi.
9. Fenomenologi (Husserl): Metode; Teori Esensi; Menghindari Psikologisme.
10. Eksistensialisme (Kierkegaard, Sarte, Heidegger): Eksistensi dan Esensi; Pilihan,
Tanggung jawab dan Keberadaan Otentik; Berada di dunia dan Temporalitas.
11.Quine and Strawson: Kritik Empirisme; Teori Dasar dan Pribadi Dasar.
12.Carvaka: Teori Knowlegde; Penolakan Entitas Transenden.
13.Jainisme: Teori Realitas; Saptabhanginaya; Perbudakan dan Pembebasan.
14. Sekolah Agama Buddha: Prat Ityasamutpada; Ksanikavada, Nairatmyavada.
15. Nyaya — Vaiesesika: Teori Kategori; Teori Penampilan; Teori Pramana;
Diri, Pembebasan; Allah; Bukti untuk Keberadaan Tuhan; Teori sebab akibat; Atomistik
Teori Penciptaan.
16. Samkhya; Prakrit; Purusa; Hal menyebabkan; Pembebasan.
17. Yoga; Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya.
18. Mimamsa: Teori Knowlegde.
19. Sekolah-sekolah Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; Avida; Adhyasa; Moksa;
Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda.
20. Aurobindo: Evolusi, Involusi; Yoga Integral.
Filsafat Sosial-Politik
1. Cobaan Sosial dan Politik: Kesetaraan, Keadilan, Kebebasan.
2. Kedaulatan: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya.
3. Individu dan Negara: Hak; Tugas dan Akuntabilitas.
4. Bentuk Pemerintahan: Monarki; Teokrasi dan Demokrasi.
5. Ideologi Politik: Anarkisme; Marxisme dan Sosialisme.
6. Humanisme; Sekularisme; Multi-kulturalisme.
7. Kejahatan dan Hukuman: Korupsi, Kekerasan Massal, Genosida, Hukuman mati.
8. Perkembangan dan Kemajuan Sosial.
9. Diskriminasi Jender: Hak Fetiside, Tanah dan Hak Milik Perempuan; Pemberdayaan.
10. Diskriminasi Kasta: Gandhi dan Ambedkar.
Filsafat Agama
1. Pengertian Tuhan: Atribut; Hubungan dengan Manusia dan Dunia. (India dan Barat).
2. Bukti untuk Keberadaan Tuhan dan Kritik mereka (India dan Barat).
3. Masalah Kejahatan.
4. Jiwa: Keabadian; Kelahiran Kembali dan Pembebasan.
5. Alasan, Wahyu dan Iman.
6. Pengalaman Keagamaan: Alam dan Obyek (India dan Barat).
7. Agama tanpa Tuhan.
8. Agama dan Moralitas.
9. Pluralisme Agama dan Masalah Kebenaran Mutlak.
10. Sifat Bahasa Religius: Analogis dan Simbolik; Cognitivist dan Non-kognitif.
Philosophy notes for IAS.
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